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Test Decision Traps and Cognitive Biases
Agenda
QUESTION 1: What is the most dangerous trap mentioned in the introduction of the text?
Giving in to the pressure of urgency and hiring the "best of the bunch" even though no one meets the essential criteria
Falling for the "Like-Me Effect."
Giving more weight to negative information than to positive
Comparing candidates to each other
2nd QUESTION: What is the "Self-Fulfilling Prophecy" bias?
Generalizing a single positive characteristic to define the candidate
Making a decision in the first few seconds and spending the interview justifying it
Being influenced by whether the candidate is "liked" or attractive
Comparing candidates against each other rather than against the position
3rd QUESTION: What is the "Halo Effect"?
Deciding to hire in the first few seconds
Giving much more weight to negative points than to positive ones
Generalizing a single positive characteristic and assuming that the candidate will be good at everything else
Comparing candidates to each other
QUESTION 4: What is one of the most serious evaluation errors, known as the "Contrast Effect"?
The tendency to prefer someone who looks like us
The tendency to give more weight to negative information
The bias to decide in the first few seconds of the interview
Comparing candidates against each other, rather than against the job specification
QUESTION 5: What is the "Similar to Me Effect"?
The tendency to give preference to a candidate who shares similarities with the interviewer
The tendency to generalize a negative characteristic (Horn Effect)
Misinterpreting the candidate's behavior (e.g., nervousness)
Assuming characteristics based on stereotypes
6th QUESTION: What is the "Negative Information Bias"?
When the interviewer decides in the first few seconds
The tendency to give much more weight to perceived negative points than to positive ones
When the interviewer prefers someone similar to him/her
When a positive characteristic (Halo) dominates the evaluation
7th QUESTION: Why should the interviewer be careful when interpreting a "Shy" candidate?
Because it means that the candidate is "Aggressive"
Because you must assume that the candidate is manipulative
Because nervousness is an artificial interview trait and should not be misinterpreted
Because you should apply the "Horn Effect" and discard it
8th QUESTION: What is the "Expectation Effect"?
Assume characteristics based on group membership (age, gender)
When we "like" the candidate or he/she is attractive
The tendency to give more weight to negative points
Giving undue influence to the CV and treating the "history" built before the interview as a fact
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