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Self-definition, self-esteem, and play from preschool onwards

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Transcription Self-definition, self-esteem, and play from preschool onwards


The period spanning from preschool to middle childhood is a critical stage in the development of identity and self-esteem in children. During these formative years, children explore who they are, how they perceive themselves, and how they relate to the world around them.

In this session, we will explore how self-definition and self-esteem evolve throughout these crucial years and how play emerges as an essential tool for this holistic development.

Preschool: The First Steps in Self-Definition

In preschool, children begin to form their first impressions of themselves and the environment around them. Self-definition at this stage focuses on concrete aspects, such as name, age, and physical characteristics. Through simple games and activities, children explore roles and begin to understand their place in the group.

Play plays a crucial role in providing safe ground for social and emotional experimentation. Games such as symbolic play, where children perform familiar or professional roles, offer opportunities to explore imaginary identities and understand interpersonal dynamics.

Early Ages: Building the Foundations of Self-Esteem

As children enter the early ages, their self-definition expands to include emotional and social characteristics. They begin to form opinions about their abilities, tastes, and preferences. Self-esteem, tied to the perception of competence and personal worth, emerges as a motivating force.

Play now becomes more complex, reflecting the growing understanding of the world and themselves. Cooperative games and group activities foster social interaction, strengthening emotional connections and contributing to the development of self-esteem through acceptance and belonging.

Early Childhood: Exploration of Personal Identities

In early childhood, self-definition becomes more introspective. Children start to explore their personal identities, including their strengths, challenges, and values. Self-esteem is closely linked with the ability to excel in specific areas and the perception of acceptance by others.

Imaginative and creative play flourishes at this stage, giving children a space to express their emerging identities. More elaborate role-playing games, art projects, and sports activities allow children to explore and affirm key aspects of who they are and who they want to be.

Middle Childhood: Consolidation of Self-Definition and Self-Esteem

Middle childhood marks a phase of consolidation in self-definition and self-esteem. Children develop a more sophisticated understanding of their abilities, interests, and values. Self-esteem is nurtured by personal achievements, social relationships, and the ability to face challenges.

Strategic and competitive play becomes relevant, providing children with opportunities to test their limits and abilities. Sports, board games, and activities involving structured rules foster the development of self-esteem through overcoming challenges and collaborating with others.

Influential Factors in Self-Definition and Self-Esteem

Various factors affect self-definition and self-esteem during these stages. Family support, social interactions, school experiences, and role models all play significant roles.

The ability of adults to nurture an environment that celebrates diversity, promotes resilience, and encourages individual expression directly impacts the positive development of self-definition and self-esteem.

Play as an Integral Development Tool

Throughout these stages, play stands out as an essential tool for holistic development. It's not just a pastime; it's a learning ground where children can test and develop fundamental aspects of their identity.

Play facilitates emotional expression, problem-solving, decision-making, and social interaction, all crucial elements in the development of self-definition and self-esteem.


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Recent publications by child adolescent psychology

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