Postpartum maternal feeding

During lactation, the mother's nutritional needs are greater than in any other phase of her life, even more than during pregnancy. This is mainly due to the great metabolic effort involved in the production of breast milk.

The mother uses both the nutrients in her diet and the reserves stored in her body to generate milk. Therefore, if the diet lacks certain nutrients, the body will prioritize milk quality, which can affect the mother's health.

It is critical for the mother to maintain an adequate diet not only for her own well-being, but also to ensure the health of the baby and to prepare for future pregnancies.

Metabolic changes after childbirth

• Fat deposits accumulated during pregnancy are mobilized, facilitating weight loss without the need for strict diets.

• Oxytocin released during breastfeeding causes thirst, which helps the mother stay hydrated without the need to force fluid intake.
• During this time, calcium absorption improves and its elimination decreases, so a balanced diet can cover all calcium needs, reducing the risk of osteoporosis in the future.

Does breastfeeding have benefits for the mother?

Undoubtedly, here are some of the main benefits:

• It accelerates postpartum recovery, helping to reduce bleeding and facilitating uterine contraction.
• It decreases the risk of postpartum depression, especially in young mothers.
• Facilitates weight loss without restrictive diets; in addition, it is the only time in a woman's life when fat accumulated on the hips is easily reduced.
• It decreases the risk of breast cancer and osteoporosis.
• Increases self-esteem and strengthens the emotional bond between mother and baby.

Impact of mother's diet on milk quality

Breast milk is the only food a newborn needs during the first six months of life. Although its composition is stable, it can vary according to the mother's nutritional status, especially in relation to these nutrients:

• The amount of vitamins and minerals in milk depends on the mother's intake and reserves. Although the infant has iron and copper reserves, milk should provide the rest of the necessary nutrients.
• Obese or underweight mothers may produce less milk initially and have difficulty maintaining lactation. Controlling weight before, during and after pregnancy is key to ensuring successful lactation.
• The lipid profile of breast milk is influenced by the mother's diet. Infant brain development has been linked to the intake of omega-3 fatty acids, which are present in breast milk when the mother consumes these nutrients.

Dietary recommendations during lactation

• It is essential that the mother has a complete diet and avoids very restrictive diets to lose weight.
• It is recommended to divide meals into five or six a day, ensuring a complete breakfast.
• Consume four daily servings of dairy products to meet calcium needs.

• Include complex carbohydrates - such as whole-grain bread, cereals, and potatoes - in four of the six meals.
• Include healthy fats, such as those found in fatty fish, olive oil and seed oils. Limit consumption of animal fats and avoid trans fats.
• Vegetables and fruits should be present in five of the six meals to ensure adequate intake of vitamins, minerals and fiber.
• Consume animal proteins in two meals a day, opting for lean meats such as chicken or turkey, and fish such as salmon and tuna.
• Drink between two and three liters of water a day, and at least one glass after each glass of milk.
• Reduce salt intake to avoid fluid retention, which can cause swelling in the feet.
• Consult a doctor before taking any medication to avoid negative effects on the baby.
• Avoid toxic substances such as drugs, alcohol and tobacco.
• Reduce the consumption of coffee and tea, and avoid herbal teas or medicinal herbs without medical advice.