Depression in children and adolescents

One of the most important indicators of depression in children and adolescents is persistent irritability, rather than the sadness typical of adults.

This can manifest itself in angry outbursts, hypersensitivity, frequent crying, or defiant behavior.

Added to this are marked changes in school performance and general behavior: poor academic performance, disinterest in previously enjoyable activities, social isolation, insomnia or hypersomnia, and regressive behaviors such as bedwetting.

These symptoms, when they persist for more than two weeks and affect daily functioning, require immediate attention.

Risk factors

Factors that increase the vulnerability of children and adolescents to developing depression include constant family conflicts, emotional instability of caregivers, significant losses at an early age (such as the death of a loved one), and experiences of bullying or social exclusion.

It is also important to consider personal or family history of affective disorders.

Many children have been dealing with a series of unresolved issues that progressively damage their emotional well-being.

Family and social impact

Depression in children affects not only the individual but also their entire environment. At the family level, there may be changes in routines and conflicts due to difficulty in understanding the situation.

In many cases, parents and caregivers experience guilt, frustration, or hopelessness.

At the social level, the child may isolate themselves from their friends, stop participating in school activities, or even be rejected.

This is where the role of parents and teachers becomes crucial, not only to detect early signs, but also to emotionally support the child and channel them toward appropriate help.

Need for specialized intervention

When symptoms of depression are persistent and affect the child's overall functioning, it is essential to seek specialized professionals, such as child psychologists and psychiatrists.

Intervention should include psychotherapy tailored to the patient's age and situation, as well as joint work with the family and school.

Coordination among all those involved in the child's environment is essential to ensure effective treatment and sustained recovery.

Furthermore, asking for help is not a sign of weakness, but rather a sign of responsibility and care.