Support and care network

Comprehensive mental health care for older adults should consider not only the clinical approach to symptoms but also the social, family, and functional factors surrounding their well-being. The support and care network is an essential component for the prevention, management, and recovery of depression in this population.

Importance of the family and social environment

Family and social environment are fundamental pillars of mental health in older adults. The presence of stable emotional bonds, close relationships, and an active social life are associated with a lower risk of depression and a better prognosis when it is already present.

During old age, many people face significant losses: retirement, the death of loved ones, family estrangement, or the loss of active roles in society. In this context, family and community support can prevent social isolation, reduce feelings of uselessness, and reinforce a sense of belonging.

Caregiver overload: Identification and approach

However, the emotional, physical, and financial burden faced by caregivers cannot be overlooked. This overload, if not recognized and managed properly, can affect both the caregiver and the person receiving care.

It is common to find caregivers who are overwhelmed by their responsibilities, presenting symptoms of anxiety, depression, exhaustion, and family conflicts. Identifying warning signs such as irritability, insomnia, somatic complaints, or feelings of guilt in the caregiver is key to intervening in time. Psychosocial support, redistribution of tasks, and access to support groups are effective strategies to mitigate this impact.

Practical tools for caregivers and family members

Having practical tools significantly improves the quality of care and well-being of everyone involved. Some of these tools include: establishing structured daily routines, encouraging the older adult's autonomy in daily activities, maintaining clear and respectful communication, and providing spaces for emotional expression.

The use of visual schedules, home adaptations for safety, and access to helplines or community resources are also recommended. Caregivers should be trained to recognize warning signs of mental health issues, such as loss of interest, isolation, or changes in sleep and appetite.

Promoting active and healthy aging for prevention

The prevention of depression in older adults should be geared toward promoting active aging. This involves encouraging healthy lifestyles that include moderate physical exercise, participation in recreational activities, cognitive stimulation, regular sleep habits, a balanced diet, and social integration.

Belonging to cultural, religious, or community groups acts as a protective factor by providing purpose, routines, and emotional support networks. Participation in workshops, courses, or volunteer work also contributes to maintaining self-esteem, motivation, and cognitive function.