Behavior and behavioral therapy

Behavioral Therapy, rooted in the General Behavior Model, stands as an integral approach in psychology, systematically addressing the observation, analysis, and modification of behaviors.

This session will explore in depth the General Behavior Model as the foundation of Behavioral Therapy, breaking down its key elements, derived techniques, and its application in a variety of clinical contexts.

Introduction to the General Behavior Model

The General Behavior Model is a perspective that considers human behavior as a complex system, influenced by a dynamic interaction between antecedents, behaviors, and consequences. This approach seeks to understand the function of behaviors, recognizing that these serve to meet specific needs or goals.

The fundamental premise is that by modifying environmental contingencies, it is possible to influence the frequency and form of the observed behaviors.

The General Behavior Model identifies three fundamental elements in any situation: antecedents, behaviors, and consequences. Antecedents are events or stimuli that precede a behavior.

Behavior is the individual's observable response to the antecedents. Consequences are events that follow behavior that affect the likelihood of that behavior being repeated in the future. This functional analysis allows understanding the cause-effect relationships that guide behavior.

Techniques Derived from the General Behavior Model

Behavioral Therapy, based on the General Behavior Model, uses various techniques for contingency modification. One of the most notable tools is reinforcement, which can be positive or negative, strengthening or weakening behaviors, respectively.

Extinction involves the elimination of the consequences that maintain a behavior, decreasing its frequency. Token economy, response prevention, and time economy are additional examples of techniques applied within this model's framework.

The General Behavior Model finds clinical application in a variety of disorders and problems. In the treatment of anxiety disorders, for example, systematic exposure and response prevention are effective behavioral techniques.

In the case of child behavior problems, positive reinforcement and the token economy can be used to strengthen adaptive behaviors and weaken problematic behaviors.

Functional Assessment in the General Behavior Model

Functional assessment, vital in the General Behavior Model, involves identifying behavior patterns and determining relevant variables.

Direct observation, behavioral record analysis, and interviewing the individual and those around him are key tools in this process. This evaluation allows the therapist to understand the functions of behaviors and design specific interv