Projection of Dominance and Control of Space (Proxemia).

Occupying space: Signaling belonging and power.

Proxemia, or the study of how we use physical space in communication, is a key nonverbal tool for leaders.

How a leader occupies space sends powerful messages about status, confidence and a sense of belonging.

Adopting an expansive posture, whether standing or sitting, and using the available space in a deliberate way communicates that one feels comfortable, in control and legitimately present in that environment.

Avoiding cowering in corners, sticking to the edges of a room or leaning back excessively can be interpreted as a lack of confidence or disinterest.

Effective leaders understand that "owning" their physical space is a nonverbal manifestation of their role and authority.

Avoid reducing presence (fig leafing).

Certain body behaviors tend to reduce our physical presence and, consequently, the perception of our authority and confidence.

A classic example is "fig leafing," the posture in which the hands are clasped together in front of the pelvis, a self-protective gesture that subconsciously signals nervousness or submission.

Similarly, keeping our arms tightly crossed, hiding our hands, or adopting postures that make us appear smaller minimize our presence.

A confident leader tends to maintain a more open and relaxed posture, with arms at his or her sides or gesturing naturally, without trying to cower or protect himself or herself.

Consciously avoiding these "presence-reducing" gestures is crucial to projecting an image of security and openness.

Intentional versus nervous movements

The quality of our movements also communicates a great deal about our internal state and level of control.

Intentional movements, those that are slow, deliberate and purposeful (such as walking toward a specific point to speak or using a measured gesture for emphasis), project calm, focus and authority.

In contrast, nervous movements-such as fidgeting (fidgeting with objects), aimless pacing, swaying, or rapid, erratic gestures-are often interpreted as signs of anxiety, insecurity, or unpreparedness.

In addition, the way we move in relation to others' personal space is critical; invading personal space can be perceived as aggressive or intimidating, generating discomfort or defensiveness.

An effective leader controls his or her movements, using them strategically to reinforce his or her message and presence, rather than allowing anxiety to manifest itself through uncontrolled bodily activity.

Summary

Proxemia is key; how a leader occupies space sends powerful messages about status and confidence. Deliberately occupying space communicates control.

Certain gestures reduce presence, such as fig leafing (hands clasped together in front). This self-protective posture can signal nervousness or submissiveness, minimizing the perception of authority.

Intentional, slow, purposeful movements project calm and authority. In contrast, nervous movements, such as fidgeting or swaying, communicate anxiety and insecurity.