Myths and realities about dyslexia

Dyslexia, a learning disorder that affects the acquisition of reading, writing, and spelling skills, has been the subject of many myths throughout time. These misconceptions can affect public perception, proper diagnosis, and timely intervention.

In this session, we will explore some of the most common myths associated with dyslexia, unraveling the truth behind each one and providing clarity on this condition that affects individuals worldwide.

Myths About Intelligence

Myth: Dyslexia is linked to a lack of intelligence: Reading difficulties associated with dyslexia are often misinterpreted as being related to intelligence. The reality is that dyslexia has no connection to IQ. People with dyslexia can have intellectual performance in the average or above-average range and often exhibit exceptional abilities in areas unrelated to reading.

Myths About Vision

Myth: Dyslexia is caused by vision problems: One of the most ingrained myths is the idea that vision problems are at the root of dyslexia. However, dyslexia is a neurobiological disorder, not a visual impairment. Reading difficulties in dyslexia are related to problems in phonological processing, which affects the ability to recognize and manipulate speech sounds.

Myths About Lack of Effort

Myth: Dyslexia is simply a lack of effort or motivation: A harmful myth is the belief that the reading difficulties of a person with dyslexia are the result of a lack of effort or motivation. In reality, dyslexia is a neurological disorder that affects the way the brain processes written information. It is not a matter of lack of will, but of how the brain functions in relation to written language.

Myths About Correction

Myth: Dyslexia is cured over time or with enough practice: Although it is possible to improve reading skills with specific interventions and practice, dyslexia is not "cured" in the conventional sense. People with dyslexia can learn strategies to cope with their difficulties, but the condition persists. A supportive and understanding approach is fundamental for long-term success.

Myths About Dyslexia in Adults

Myth: Dyslexia only affects children and is outgrown in adulthood: Contrary to this myth, dyslexia is a condition that persists into adulthood. Although some individuals develop effective strategies to manage their difficulties, dyslexia does not disappear with age. Academic and work demands can accentuate the challenges, and ongoing support is essential for success in adult life.

Myths About Dyslexia and Writing

Myth: Dyslexia only affects reading, not writing: Dyslexia impacts both reading and writing. Difficulties with phonetic decoding and phonological awareness can affect spelling and written expression. It is important to recognize that dyslexia has a broader scope than simply difficulty reading words and to adequately address difficulties in all areas related to written language.

Myths About Prevalence

Myth: Dyslexia is rare and affects very few people: Although it may vary depending on populations and regions, dyslexia is more common than is often perceived. It is estimated to affect approximately 5-10% of the world's population. The lack of awareness and understanding often contributes to the underestimation of prevalence and, therefore, to the lack of adequate support.