Vascular neurocognitive disorder

Vascular neurocognitive disorder, also known as vascular dementia, is a cognitive disorder that develops due to problems in blood flow to the brain. These problems may be due to blockages in the cerebral arteries, strokes, or vascular diseases that affect the brain's blood supply. It is often an underdiagnosed condition that can have a significant impact on the quality of life of those who suffer from it.

In this session, we will explore in depth what vascular neurocognitive disorder is, its causes, symptoms, diagnosis and strategies for addressing this cognitive challenge.

Causes of Vascular Neurocognitive Disorder

The causes of vascular neurocognitive disorder are related to problems in the circulatory system. These may include:

• High blood pressure: High blood pressure can damage brain arteries over time.

• Peripheral arterial disease: Clogged arteries in other parts of the body can also affect cerebral arteries.

• Strokes: Strokes, especially multiple strokes, can cause significant brain damage.

• Atherosclerosis: Plaque buildup in the arteries can block blood flow to the brain.

Characteristic Symptoms

Symptoms of vascular neurocognitive disorder can vary depending on the location and extent of brain damage, but often include:

• Memory problems: memory loss, especially for recent events.

• Difficulty with thinking and planning: Problems making decisions and planning tasks.

• Personality and behavioral changes: Irritability, depression or changes in behavior.

• Difficulty with communication: Problems with speech and understanding.

• Problems with mobility: Difficulty walking or coordinating movements.

Diagnosis and Evaluation

Diagnosis of vascular neurocognitive disorder involves a complete medical evaluation including cognitive testing, blood tests and brain imaging studies, such as MRI. It is important to differentiate this condition from other cognitive disorders, such as Alzheimer's disease.

Vascular neurocognitive disorder presents in several types and subtypes, depending on the location and extent of brain damage. These may include multi-infarct dementia, subcortical dementia, strategic infarct dementia and more. Each has specific characteristics.

Prevention and Management

Prevention and management of vascular neurocognitive disorder focus on addressing underlying risk factors, such as hypertension and diabetes, and promoting a healt