Nutritional supplements

Older age is a stage of life in which nutrition plays a crucial role in maintaining health and quality of life. As we age, our bodies go through physiological changes that can affect nutrient absorption and metabolic efficiency.

In this session, we will explore the benefits, considerations and recommendations on the use of nutritional supplements in the elderly.

Physiological Changes in Aging

Aging brings with it a number of changes in the digestive and other body systems that can influence nutrient absorption and utilization. Decreased ability of the digestive system to absorb vitamins and minerals, as well as reduced muscle mass and increased body fat, can affect metabolic efficiency.

Importance of a Balanced Diet

Despite physiological changes, it is essential to emphasize that a balanced and varied diet is the basis for good health in the elderly. Most of the essential nutrients should come from food and not from supplements. A diet rich in fruits, vegetables, lean proteins and healthy fats is essential to meet nutritional needs.

Nutritional Supplements: When Are They Necessary?

Although a balanced diet is the first line of defense against nutritional deficiencies, there are situations in which supplements may be necessary. These may include cases of proven deficiency, dietary restrictions, absorption problems, chronic illness or dietary restrictions.

There are several nutritional supplements that are common in the elderly due to their health benefits. Some of the most prominent include:

• Vitamin D: Important for bone health and immunity. Limited sun exposure in old age may require supplementation.

• Calcium: Essential for bone and dental health, especially in older women at risk for osteoporosis.

• Vitamin B12: Deficiency of this vitamin is common in older people due to absorption problems. It can affect brain function and energy.

• Omega-3: Contributes to cardiovascular and cognitive health. May reduce the risk of heart disease and support brain function.

When selecting supplements, it is important to keep several considerations in mind:

• Consult a Health Professional: Before starting any supplement, it is critical to consult a physician or dietitian. A health professional can assess individual needs and test for deficiencies.

• Quality and Safety: Choosing high quality supplements from trusted brands is essential to ensure safety and efficacy.

• Adequate Dosages: It is not advisable to take more than the recommended amount of a supplement unless directed by a health professional. Too much of certain vitamins and minerals can be harmful.

• Interactions: Some supplements may interact with medications or have side effects. Informing your doctor about any supplements you are taking is important.

In addition to supplements, a healthy lifestyle is critical to maintaining health in later life. Regular physical activity, stress management, adequate sleep and socialization are key elements in overall wellness.