Types of obesity

Obesity is a complex and multifaceted condition that affects a growing number of people worldwide. While often thought of simply as excess body weight, obesity can manifest itself in a variety of ways and have multiple causes.

In this session, we will explore the different types of obesity, their characteristics, underlying causes, and how to effectively address each type to improve overall health.

Introduction to Obesity

Obesity is a medical condition characterized by excessive accumulation of fat in the body, which can have detrimental effects on health. It is calculated using the body mass index (BMI), which takes into account a person's weight and height. However, this measure does not always capture the complexity of obesity itself.

Central obesity, also known as visceral obesity, is characterized by the accumulation of fat in the abdominal region, especially around the internal organs. This type of obesity is strongly associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes and other health problems. It tends to be more common in men and is influenced by genetic, hormonal and lifestyle factors.

Peripheral obesity, also called gynoid obesity, is characterized by the accumulation of fat in the hips and thighs. This type of obesity is more common in women and tends to be associated with a lower risk of cardiovascular disease compared to central obesity. Genetics and hormonal differences may play an important role in its development.

Generalized obesity is one in which excess fat is distributed evenly throughout the body. Although there may be a genetic predisposition, generalized obesity is usually related to an imbalance between calorie intake and energy expenditure. It is important to evaluate the underlying causes of weight gain in this type of obesity.

Morbid obesity is the most severe form of obesity and is characterized by a very high BMI (usually above 40). This type of obesity carries a significantly increased risk of serious diseases, such as heart disease, diabetes and sleep apnea. Treatment of morbid obesity often requires a multidisciplinary approach that includes lifestyle changes, behavioral therapy and, in some cases, weight loss surgery.

Childhood obesity is a type of obesity that affects children and adolescents. It has become a public health problem of concern because it can lead to long-term health problems in adulthood. The causes of childhood obesity are usually related to diet, lack of physical activity and family factors.

Age-Related Obesity

As people age, their metabolism tends to slow down, which can increase the risk of weight gain. Age-related obesity is common in the elderly and may be influenced by hormonal changes, decreased physical activity, and a less healthy diet. Maintaining an approp