Historical roots and key figures

Positive psychology, although formally introduced in more recent times, has its roots in the ideas and contributions of earlier thinkers and psychologists who were already exploring human potential and well-being.

Its establishment as a distinct field sought to systematize and expand the study of what makes people thrive.

Formal Origin

The field of positive psychology was formally introduced in 1998.

This introduction marked a shift in focus, proposing to study what makes people happy rather than focusing predominantly on what makes them miserable.

The intention was not to replace traditional psychology. But to complement it, adding an emphasis on positive qualities and the development of potential.

Dr. Martin Seligman is considered to have been a central figure in this launch, often referred to as the "father" of positive psychology, especially during his presidency of the American Psychological Association.

At a conference in 1999, he highlighted how traditional psychology had focused primarily on illness, and proposed the need for a psychology that also studied well-being and happiness as a preventive measure.

Precursors and Influences ("Grandfathers")

Prior to its formal establishment, several important figures laid the foundations for positive psychology thinking.

They could be considered the "grandparents" of this field.

Among them are Abraham Maslow, known for his hierarchy of needs and his work on self-actualization.

His ideas on personal growth and the search for maximum potential are clearly precursors to the central themes of positive psychology.

Other names mentioned as early influences include Carl Rogers, with his focus on personal growth and person-centered therapy, and Aaron Antonovsky, who developed the concept of salutogenesis, focusing on the factors that support health and well-being rather than the causes of disease.

Foundational Figures ("Parents")

Along with Martin Seligman, other figures are considered "fathers" or important co-founders of positive psychology.

Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi is one of these key figures, especially known for his work on the concept of "Flow" or optimal experience, which is an essential component of well-being and engagement.

His research on the states of total absorption in an activity has been fundamental.

Ellen Langer is one of the "mothers" or parental figures in the field.

Christopher Peterson is also recognized as a seminal researcher in this area, collaborating closely with Seligman in the development of the character strengths and virtues (CSV) classification.

Context of the Emergence

Positive psychology grew out of the perception that psychology, until the late 20th century, had largely concentrated on understanding and treating mental illness, dysfunction and human suffering.

While this approach was and remains vital, there was a lack of scientific study of positive experiences, human strengths and factors that contribute to a full and happy life.

The idea was to balance the scales, creating a discipline that would not only deal with repairing damage. But also to build and enhance the positive qualities of people and organizations.