Behavioral therapy

This therapeutic model is based on the idea that it is not events alone that cause emotional distress, but rather the interpretation of those events. Through this lens, the approach proposes that many intense negative emotions stem from rigid and irrational beliefs that people develop over time, often influenced by past experiences.

TREC does not focus on the past as a direct source of change, but rather uses the present as a terrain for working on current thought patterns. Through direct and practical intervention, the person is encouraged to question their automatic ideas and learn to respond with more rational and constructive beliefs.

The ABCDE model: a tool for change

One of the central techniques of this therapy is the ABCDE model, a guide for analyzing and modifying irrational beliefs:

• A (Activating Event): representa una situación o hecho concreto que genera malestar.

• B (Belief): se refiere a la interpretación o pensamiento que la persona tiene sobre dicho acontecimiento.

• C (Consequence): son las emociones y conductas que resultan de esa creencia.

• D (Dispute): proceso de desafiar activamente esa creencia irracional.

• E (Effect): aparición de una nueva creencia más adaptativa y realista, que genera una respuesta emocional más saludable.

This model allows problematic situations to be broken down into manageable parts and specific work to be done on the ideas that fuel the distress, providing practical tools for transforming thinking.

Most common types of irrational beliefs

REBT has identified certain dysfunctional cognitive patterns that appear repeatedly, such as:

• Absolutist demands: creencias extremas expresadas en términos como «debo» o «tengo que», que generan culpa, frustración o ansiedad cuando no se cumplen.

• Excessive need for approval: la idea de que es indispensable ser querido o aceptado por todos para sentirse valioso.

• Intolerance to frustration: convicción de que es insoportable experimentar malestar, incomodidad o fracaso.

• Catastrophism: tendencia a imaginar los peores escenarios po