Transcription Definition of group and essential characteristics
Groups are a fundamental and ubiquitous feature of human social life.
From families to work teams to nations, we spend much of our existence as members of diverse collectives.
Social psychology is deeply concerned with understanding what constitutes a group and what its defining characteristics are.
Key Elements in Defining a Group
A group is generally defined as two or more people who interact with each other, are interdependent (in the sense that their needs and goals cause them to influence each other), and perceive themselves as members of a shared entity ("we").
- Interaction: Members of a group communicate with and influence each other. This interaction can be face-to-face or mediated by technology.
- Interdependence: What happens to one member of the group can affect the others, and members depend on each other to achieve common goals or meet needs.
- Shared Identity: There is a sense of belonging, an awareness of being part of the group and of sharing something that unites them and differentiates them from non-members.
Not every collection of individuals constitutes a group in the psychosocial sense. For example, people waiting at a bus stop are not usually a group unless they begin to interact and develop a sense of interdependence or common identity (e.g., if the bus is very late and they start working together).
Functions of Groups
Groups serve important functions for their members and for society:
- Need Satisfaction: Groups help satisfy
definition of group and essential characteristics