Microsexism: those small attitudes that normalize inequality - gender equality

Micro-machismos. A word that, although sometimes unfamiliar to us, describes a reality deeply rooted in our society. They are those attitudes, behaviors and comments that are subtle, almost imperceptible, which perpetuate gender inequality and sustain machismo without us often realizing it.

They are not great explosions of violence, but rather small drops that, over time, erode equality.

What Exactly Are Micro-machismos? Unveiling the Subtlety of Inequality

Micro-machismos are not physical assaults nor direct insults. They are more subtle expressions, often disguised as compliments, advice or even humor. Their danger lies precisely in that subtlety, which makes them difficult to identify and question. They act as a kind of “background noise” that normalizes the denigration of women and reinforces traditional gender roles.

The term “micromachismo” was coined by the psychologist Luis Bonino Méndez to describe these practices which, although they may seem insignificant, contribute to maintaining male power and female subordination. They are the foundation of an unequal social structure that limits women’s opportunities and personal development.

Types of Micro-machismos: Recognizing the Most Common Forms

There are various classifications of micro-machismos, but some of the most common types are:

• Utilitarian micro-machismos: Aim to overload the woman with domestic and care tasks, taking advantage of her “availability” and reinforcing the idea that those responsibilities are inherently feminine. Examples: “Help me with dinner” (assuming she is the one responsible for cooking), or “Could you pick this up, please?” (when the other person is equally available).
• Concealed micro-machismos: Manifest through compliments that hide a criticism or an attempt at control. Examples: “You look very pretty today, do you have a date?”, or “You’re too sensitive for this job.”
• Crisis micro-machismos: Arise when the woman questions male power or becomes empowered. Examples: Ignoring her opinions, minimizing her achievements, or criticizing her way of dressing or behaving if it does not conform to traditional expectations.
• Coercive micro-machismos: Involve emotional manipulation, blackmail or subtle threats to control the woman. Examples: “If you loved me, you would do this for me,” or “You make me very sad when you behave like that.”

Micro-machismos in Daily Life: Concrete Examples for Reflection

Micro-machismos manifest in all areas of life: in the family, at work, on the street, in the media. Here are some concrete examples to help you identify them:

• In a work meeting, a man constantly interrupts a woman to express his own ideas.
• Someone tells a woman that she “looks prettier” when she wears makeup, implying that her natural appearance is not enough.
• A father assumes that the mother will organize their child’s birthday party without even consulting her.
• In a film, a woman is portrayed as “hysterical” or a “manipulator” to justify the behavior of a male character.
• Comments about a woman’s clothing, such as “Look how she’s dressed, no wonder that happened to her.”

Consequences of Micro-machismos: A Silent but Deep Impact

Although they may seem harmless, micro-machismos have a significant impact on women’s mental and emotional health. They contribute to low self-esteem, insecurity, anxiety and depression. They also limit professional and personal development, perpetuating inequality and hindering empowerment.

Additionally, micro-machismos create a hostile and unequal environment that normalizes gender-based violence. By tolerating these small everyday aggressions, the groundwork is laid for the perpetration of more severe forms of violence.

How to Combat Micro-machismos? Strategies for Real Change

Combating micro-machismos requires a conscious and constant effort both individually and collectively. Here are some strategies you can put into practice:

• Raise awareness: The first step is to be aware of the existence of micro-machismos and learn to identify them in our own behavior and that of others.
• Question gender stereotypes: Reflect on the traditional roles and expectations assigned to men and women and challenge those that perpetuate inequality.
• Intervene: Do not remain silent in the face of a sexist comment or attitude. Express your disagreement respectfully but firmly.
• Promote equality: Encourage the equitable participation of men and women in all areas of life.
• Educate: Talk with your children, friends and family about the importance of gender equality and the negative effects of micro-machismos.
• Practice empathy: Put yourself in the other person’s shoes and try to understand how they feel in a situation of inequality.