De-escalation of crisis situations

Crisis situations are times of extreme stress for both children with autism and their caregivers. It is critical to have effective strategies to de-escalate these situations, providing a safe and calm environment for the child.

In this session, we will explore specific techniques and approaches that can be applied to manage crisis situations, fostering the child's emotional and physical safety and creating an environment conducive to positive resolution.

Understanding the Causes of Crises

The first step in de-escalating a crisis situation is to understand the underlying causes. For children with autism, these causes can range from sensory overstimulation to communication difficulties to anxiety. Observing and analyzing the specific triggers of the crisis provides crucial information for implementing effective de-escalation strategies.

It is natural to feel overwhelmed during a crisis, but remaining calm is essential. Children are sensitive to the emotions of the adults around them. Maintaining a calm tone of voice and serene body language can help calm a child. Remaining calm also allows for rational and effective decision-making during a crisis.

Creating a Safe and Calm Environment

During a crisis, it is vital to create a safe and calm environment for the child. This may involve removing overwhelming sensory stimuli, such as bright lights or loud noises.

Ensuring that the child has sufficient personal space and providing calming objects, such as weighted blankets or sensory toys, can help create a sense of safety and predictability.

Use Clear and Calm Communication

Effective communication is essential during a crisis. Using clear and simple language can be helpful, avoiding the use of words or phrases that may increase the child's anxiety.

Using affirming and reassuring phrases, and maintaining eye contact if the child allows it, can help establish an emotional connection and build trust during de-escalation.

Implement Self-Regulation Techniques

For both the child and the caregiver, self-regulation techniques are useful tools. These may include deep breathing exercises, muscle relaxation techniques, or even just briefly removing oneself from the situation to regain composure. Teaching these techniques to the child when they are calm can help them manage their own emotions during times of crisis.

Offer Choices and Control

During de-escalation, offering the child limited choices and control over their environment can help regain a sense of safety and autonomy. Simple questions such as "Would you like a glass of water?" or "Would you rather sit or stand?" can provide a sense of control, decreasing anxiety and facilitating cooperation.

Seeking Professional Support if Needed

In some cases, crisis situations may require professional intervention. Occupational therapists, speech and language therapists, and psychologists specializing in autism can offer additional strategies and support for both the child and the family. Do not hesitate to seek professional help if you feel overwhelmed by the situation.