Diet in diabetes

Diabetes is a chronic disease that affects millions of people worldwide. It is characterized by elevated blood glucose levels, which can have a negative impact on the health and quality of life of those who suffer from it. Diet plays an essential role in both the prevention and management of diabetes.

In this session, we will delve into the relationship between diabetes and diet, analyzing dietary strategies, the most recommended foods, restrictions to consider and measures to maintain adequate glycemic control.

Introduction

Diabetes is a metabolic disorder characterized by the body's difficulty in adequately regulating blood glucose levels. This can occur due to insufficient insulin production (type 1 diabetes) or insulin resistance (type 2 diabetes). Both types require ongoing care to avoid serious long-term complications.

Importance of Diet in Diabetes Control

Diet is critical in controlling diabetes. The food we eat is broken down into glucose, which enters the bloodstream and affects blood sugar levels. Maintaining a proper glucose balance is key to avoiding dangerous highs or lows.

Managing diabetes involves a comprehensive approach that includes dietary changes, exercise, and in some cases, the use of medication or insulin. Here are some key dietary strategies:

• Carbohydrate Control: Carbohydrates are primarily responsible for raising blood sugar levels. It is essential to control the amount and type of carbohydrates consumed, prioritizing slow-absorbing carbohydrates, such as whole grains and vegetables.

• Meal Distribution: Eating regularly and in balanced portions helps to stabilize glucose levels during the day.

• Healthy Proteins: Opting for lean sources of protein such as fish, poultry and legumes helps control appetite and blood glucose levels.

• Beneficial Fats: Including healthy fats such as those in olive oil or nuts is crucial for maintaining cardiovascular health.

• Portion Control: Maintaining proper portion sizes is important to avoid excess calories and better control glucose levels.

Recommended Foods

A proper diet for people with diabetes should focus on foods rich in nutrients and low in added sugars and saturated fats. Some recommended foods are:

• Fruits and Vegetables: They are rich in fiber, vitamins and minerals, in addition to being low in calories.

• Whole Grains: Foods such as oats, quinoa or brown rice provide fiber and essential nutrients.

• Lean Protein: Sources of lean protein include fish, tofu, chicken and legumes.

• Healthy Fats: Avocado, nuts and olive oil are excellent sources of healthy fats.

Dietary Restrictions

Dietary restrictions for diabetes can vary depending on the type of diabetes and personal needs, but some common recommendations are: