Repetitive behaviors

Repetitive behaviors are a common feature in children with autism. These behaviors may include stereotyped movements, the need to follow strict routines, or obsessive interests in specific topics. Understanding the nature of these behaviors and developing effective strategies to address them are key aspects of supporting children with autism and their families.

In this session, we will explore the reasons behind repetitive behaviors and provide practical approaches to managing them.

The Nature of Repetitive Behaviors

Repetitive behaviors in children with autism can serve as self-regulatory mechanisms. These behaviors often provide them with comfort and security in a world that can be sensory and emotionally overwhelming.

In addition, repetitive behaviors can be a form of communication, allowing children to express their needs, emotions, or discomfort nonverbally.

Types of Repetitive Behaviors

Repetitive behaviors can manifest in a variety of ways. Some children may rock, spin, or make hand motions. Others may insist on following the same route or routine every day, strongly resisting change.

It is also common for children with autism to develop extremely intense interests in certain topics, spending significant time on these interests repetitively.

Understanding the Function of Repetitive Behaviors

It is critical to understand the underlying function of repetitive behaviors in order to address them effectively. These behaviors may arise due to anxiety, sensory overstimulation, need for structure, or difficulty communicating their wants or needs.

Observing the context in which these behaviors occur can provide important clues about their function and help in planning intervention strategies.

Intervention Strategies

• Sensory Support: Providing a sensory-appropriate environment can help reduce repetitive behaviors related to overstimulation. Providing quiet, comfortable areas, using soft lights, and avoiding loud noises can be helpful.

• Alternative Communication: Introducing alternative communication systems, such as imagery or assisted communication devices, can help children express their needs and emotions nonverbally, thereby reducing frustration that leads to repetitive behaviors.

• Visual Support: Using visual schedules and visual reminders for daily routines can provide structure and predictability, reducing the need for repetitive behaviors related to anxiety in the face of the unknown.

• Behavioral Interventions: Interventions based on applied behavior analysis (ABA) can help replace repetitive behaviors with more adaptive alternatives. Reinforcing appropriate behaviors and offering stress management strategies can make a big difference.

• Specific Interests: Rather than trying to eliminate obsessive interests altogether, incorporating these interests into structured, educational activities can help redirect the child's energy toward constructive goals.

• Psychological Support: Offering psychological support to children and their families can help manage anxiety and stress, thereby reducing the occurrence of repetitive behaviors as a self-regulatory mechanism.