Strategies to reduce stress and anxiety before mealtime.

Mealtime can be a challenging time for many children with autism and their families. Feeding problems, food selectivity, and anxiety around food are common in this group of children.

The combination of sensory sensitivities, communication difficulties, and the need for routine can make mealtimes stressful times. However, there are effective strategies to reduce stress and anxiety before mealtime and make feeding a more positive experience.

Create a Calm Environment

The environment in which the meal takes place is crucial to reducing stress and anxiety around feeding. Make sure the place where eating takes place is quiet and free of distractions. Turn off the television and avoid loud or chaotic noises during mealtimes. This can help the child focus on the meal and feel more relaxed.

Maintain a Predictable Routine

Children with autism often value routine and predictability. Maintaining a consistent routine for mealtimes can be comforting to the child. Set regular times for meals and snacks, and try to stick to them. The child can anticipate when the next meal will be, which can reduce anxiety.

Offer Limited Choices

Providing the child with limited choices can give him a sense of control over his eating. For example, instead of presenting an overwhelming variety of foods, offer him two vegetable choices for dinner. This allows him to make choices within preset limits, which can increase his sense of control and comfort.

Respect Hunger and Satiety Signals

Do not pressure your child to eat if he is not hungry, and respect his satiety signals. Forcing him to eat can increase anxiety and make the experience a negative one. Learn to observe his hunger and satiety cues and respect them.

Use Alternative Communication Systems

If the child has difficulty communicating his food preferences or needs around food, consider using alternative communication systems, such as imagery or picture exchange communication systems (PECS). This will allow you to express your preferences effectively.

Encourage Nonverbal Communication

In addition to alternative communication systems, encourage nonverbal communication. Learn to interpret your child's nonverbal cues, such as gestures, facial expressions and body language. This can help you better understand their needs and preferences around food.

Talk About Food in a Positive Way

Talking about food in a positive and encouraging way can make mealtime more enjoyable. Avoid negative discussions or excessive praise. Instead of saying "You should eat your vegetables!" you can try "Vegetables are good for your body and help you grow strong." This shifts the focus from food as an unpleasant chore to a positive, healthy experience.

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