Understand milk allergy milk lactose intolerance - allergens

Confusion between milk allergy and lactose intolerance is common, but they are two completely different conditions. Understanding them is key to improving health and making appropriate dietary choices.

What is milk allergy?

Milk allergy is an immune system response to proteins present in milk, such as casein and whey. When a person with an allergy consumes dairy products, his or her body interprets these proteins as a threat and triggers an allergic reaction. Symptoms can be mild or severe, and include:

• Skin rashes, itching or swelling.

• Difficulty breathing

• Vomiting

• Diarrhea

• Abdominal pain

In severe cases, milk allergy can trigger anaphylaxis, a life-threatening reaction that requires immediate medical attention. Milk allergy is most common in children, but some adults may also suffer from it. Fortunately, many children outgrow this allergy as they get older.

What is lactose intolerance?

Lactose intolerance, on the other hand, is a digestive condition caused by the inability to break down lactose, a sugar present in milk. This occurs due to a lack of the enzyme lactase in the small intestine. Symptoms of lactose intolerance include:

• Abdominal bloating

• Gas

• Diarrhea

• Nausea

Unlike milk allergy, lactose intolerance is not an immune system reaction, which means it is not life-threatening, but it can cause great discomfort. In addition, lactose intolerance is more common in adults and can vary in severity, some people can tolerate small amounts of lactose, while others must avoid it altogether.

Key differences between milk allergy and lactose intolerance

The differences between these two conditions are significant:

• Milk allergy involves the immune system and can be life-threatening, while lactose intolerance is limited to the digestive system and is not life-threatening.

• People with milk allergy should avoid all dairy products, while those with lactose intolerance can consume lactose-free products or in small amounts, depending on their tolerance level.

Diagnosis and treatment

If you suspect you have a milk allergy or lactose intolerance, it is essential to consult a physician. A proper diagnosis can prevent complications and help you better manage your diet. In the case of lactose intolerance, there are products such as lactose-free milk and lactase supplements that allow you to enjoy the nutritional benefits of dairy without unpleasant symptoms.

Living with allergy or intolerance

Living with milk allergy or lactose intolerance requires certain adjustments, but it does not mean giving up a balanced diet completely. For those with lactose intolerance, the good news is that there are many low-lactose product options that allow you to enjoy foods such as yogurt and cheese without negative consequences. However, for those with milk allergies, it is crucial to avoid dairy products altogether and always be mindful of food labels.

Conclusion

Milk allergy and lactose intolerance are conditions that affect how people consume dairy products, but with the right approach, it is possible to manage them effectively. By understanding the differences and consulting a health professional, you can take control of the situation and continue to enjoy a balanced diet.