What other factors help molecules be allergens - allergens

It is not only the physical and chemical properties of allergens that influence their ability to cause allergy, the duration of exposure to the allergen is also important. Indoor allergens, such as those from dust mites or pets, are inhaled for many hours a day and this promotes sensitization and the development of allergy.

Some are work-related, and develop due to exposure for many hours a day. Concentration, i.e. the amount of molecules suspended in the air, is also a very important factor. However, paradoxical things sometimes happen.

If the concentration of allergens is too low, they will not be able to provoke an immune response in the organism, but at the same time, if the concentrations are excessively high, they can provoke a state contrary to allergy which is called tolerance and lose their capacity to sensitize the individual.

The form of exposure to the allergen is also relevant. For example, intermittent exposure [periodic medication, pollens] favors the allergic response and the area where the allergen exposure takes place also. Pollution in urban areas and gaseous emissions from cars are factors that act as adjuvants [facilitators] of sensitization [production of IgE antibodies].

It has been shown that the molecules released by diesel cars carry the allergens and make them more potent. In rural areas, the prevalence of allergy is lower and, within rural areas, lower in families living on farms. Contact with cattle, poultry or the ingestion of unpasteurized milk have been shown to be protective factors.

In addition, it has been found that in large families there is a decrease in allergic diseases. This has been interpreted as a possible influence of contact with bacterial compounds or their derivatives, which could teach the immune system to reduce sensitization to allergens. There is a period in early childhood and even during pregnancy when these protective factors are particularly relevant.